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Republican Roman Warships 509-27 BC (New Vanguard), by Raffaele D'Amato
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The birth of the mighty Roman Navy was anchored in the Romans' extraordinary ability to absorb and perfect the technology of other states and empires. Indeed, during the clash of the great Mediterranean powers in the Punic Wars of the 3rd century, Rome had little or no naval force to speak of, just a humble fleet of the tiny Etruscan Aphraktoi, and it was the Carthaginians who reigned supreme at sea. Yet in a remarkably short space of time, the Romans at first copied, and then surpassed the superior Carthaginian maritime technology, incorporating designs such as the corvus (boarding bridge). Before long, the Cartaginians had been decisively smashed, paving the way for Rome to become the dominant naval power in the Mediterranean for the next seven centuries. This is the story of the design, development and operation of the Republican Roman warship in the age of the conquest of the Mediterranean, from the first Roman naval adventure of 394 BC and the Punic Wars, to Pompey's operations against the Cilician Pirates and Caesar's victorious naval campaigns in Armorica, concluding with the consolidation of the Mediterranean Sea as Mare Nostrum with the battle of Actium in 31 BC. Archaeological photography, including those of exciting new finds, such as the Roman warship rostra (rams) found in the Aegates Islands, accompany lavish artistic reconstructions in illustrating the ships of the first Roman navy.
- Sales Rank: #515357 in Books
- Brand: New Vanguard - Ships - Ancients to Ironclads
- Published on: 2015-09-22
- Released on: 2015-09-22
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.86" h x .16" w x 7.25" l, .81 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 48 pages
About the Author
Dr Raffaele D'Amato is an experienced Turin-based researcher of the ancient and medieval military worlds. After achieving his first PhD in Romano-Byzantine Law, and having collaborated with the University of Athens, he gained a second doctorate in Roman military archaeology. He currently works as vice-head of the Laboratory of the Danubian Provinces at the University of Ferrara, under Professor Livio Zerbini. The author lives in Frossasco, Italy.
Most helpful customer reviews
2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
Good overview and primer despite some glitches
By JPS
This title provides a good and relatively comprehensive overview of Rome’s navies during the Republic, from its very beginning (allegedly in 509 BC) until the time when Augustus reorganised the navy and created the Imperial fleets and squadrons in 27 BC. As usual, and given the amount of ground to cover, one should not expect too much detail from a 48 pages booklet because there simply is not enough space to be comprehensive. The book’s structure and the various sections that make it up contain – for me at least - just about the right level of detail and information that I was expecting to find in such a title. There are however a few glitches across the book
The first section (“Historical Background”) is in fact a short summary of what is known of the Roman navy up to the eve of the First Punic War, in other words, not a great deal. The author has chosen to blend the traditional opinion with regards to the Romans and their Navy – that the Roman Navy was initially small and mostly used for costal defence and piracy – with another thesis that sees it growing and expanding, mainly by interpreting what is known of the treaties between Rome and Carthage before 264 BC. Regardless of whether one agrees or not, the point is rather well made. One allegation I found a bit surprising and sweeping, however, was the statement that (Italian) Greeks “were rather mediocre fighters on land” during the fourth century BC.
The second section presents “Roman ships and fleets”, with descriptions for each of the main types of warships, from the smallest to the largest. Also included are useful little pieces on construction and on transport ships. Here again, there are few minor glitches. For instance, the text accompanying the plates of a Roman quinquereme and a Roman trireme state that they could, respectively, embark 200 and 120 legionaries each.
Given the size of these ships where space as very much at a premium, the numbers seem inflated. Besides, the later number is generally attributed to Roman quinqueremes whereas triremes do not seem to have embarked more than fifty or sixty marines. The author does however make an interesting point when drawing from Morisson and Gardiner (The Age of the Galley) and assuming that Roman “threes” and “fives” were larger than their Hellenistic and Carthaginian equivalents. This is possible and even probable, although I am not quite sure this has been verified through naval archaeology. This would indeed have allowed them to have a larger complement of marines on board, although not as large as suggested.
The other sections of the book are more or less those that can be expected, including something on tactics and armament, with a piece of the Roman “corvus” for instance, and a few pages of the rowing system. There was one exception however. I did not find anything on ships’ performances, whether speed, limited seaworthiness or the need they had to replenish their water supply every day or, at most, every other day.
Another interesting part that takes up a third of the book is the section dealing with a selection of campaigns. This is where the illustrator has come up with some of his most vivid and impressive plates (this does not mean, by the way, that the others are not good!). The selection of campaigns is an interesting one. It includes Pompey’s campaign against the Cilician pirates, with a rather gorgeous plate of legionaries landing and forming up in testudo formation against largely helpless unarmoured pirates. Also included is Caesar’s naval campaign against the Venetes in Gaul (and not the Venetians of Venise). Here again, there are a few glitches. For instance, Rome did not require Carthage to abandon Sardinia as part of the terms of the treaty ending the First Punic War, although it took advantage of the Carthaginians’ war against their mercenaries to occupy the island a few years later. Also a bit surprising (simply because I had not seen this before or read anything about it) was the depiction of Roman marines during the first Punic War (the plate on the battle of the Aegate Islands) and the Second Punic War (the plates on the siege of Syracuse) wearing some form of quilted armour instead of mail or leather. The main point of this section, however, is that author and illustrator have made the effort to select “original” campaigns and battle scenes rather than, for instance, the more “usual” scenes of Actium.
Another point, already noted by another reviewer, is the interesting set of photos of ship rams presented in this book. My final remark will be about the bibliography which, while perhaps not comprehensive, does contain more than enough for anyone wanting to go further. Four stars for a good title, despite the few glitches.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Five Stars
By John William Lewis
Excellent
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Five Stars
By William L Hickman
great buy
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